The hottest stereo printing looks forward to new d

Stereoscopic printing looks forward to new development (Part 1)

stereoscopic printing, which reproduces stereoscopic images in three-dimensional space, has become an important content in the field of special printing. When it comes to stationery printing, stereoscopic printing cannot be ignored. It can be said that stereoscopic printing has added many colors to the stationery decoration world. As a special printing technology developed independently, stereoscopic printing has attracted the attention of many people in the industry. To this end, the magazine interviewed some relevant people who are engaged in stereoscopic printing, in order to pay attention to the development of stereoscopic printing in China with the majority of readers

stereolithography this research has been published in the Journal naturecommunications brush introduction

stereolithography is the process of simulating the principle that human eye spacing can produce spatial difference, shooting from different angles, recording pixels from different angles on photosensitive materials, and then restoring printed matter with stereoscopic effect with the help of grating materials

1. Characteristics of stereoscopic printing

(1) strong stereoscopic sense, which can reproduce objects realistically. The product image is clear, the level is rich, the image is lifelike, and the artistic conception is profound

(2) the originals of three-dimensional printing are often made by modeling design or scenery shooting, and the printed matter is generally printed with high-quality coated paper and high-temperature resistant ink, so it has good gloss, bright color and is not easy to fade

(3) the surface of the printed product is covered with a layer of concave convex cylindrical grating, which can directly obtain the three-dimensional effect of the panoramic picture

2. The problem of the minimum applied force in the thermal deformation test of stereolithography polymer the realization of brush

the realization of stereolithography requires several steps, namely, original making, plate making, printing + grating synthesis or direct printing

(1) manuscript production

for originals, stereophotography can be used. This method is the most traditional manuscript production method for stereoscopic printing. The key to its operation is to take stereoscopic photos. It is necessary to accurately calculate the layout, distance, angle, center point, etc. of the subject before shooting. Generally, there are two methods to obtain stereoscopic images, namely, the direct method and the indirect method, which are often referred to. The direct method is to take photos through cylindrical grating, move the camera within a certain field of vision, and take the subject continuously; The indirect rule is to take a corresponding number of photos at a specific location (5 ~ 8 aircraft positions), and then accurately combine them into one. In comparison, the indirect method has better stereoscopic effect than the direct method, but it is more troublesome and generally not used

thanks to the development of computer software technology, the acquisition method of stereoscopic pictures is much simpler now. The high-end technology is to use professional stereoscopic image software to directly process plane pictures into stereoscopic images, such as 3D4U software, or 3D software developed by printing plants using graphic image software, or existing ordinary image software, such as Photoshop, for processing

(2) printing

it can be said that there are many ways to realize stereoscopic printing. At present, there are two main methods of stereoscopic printing in China, one is to print directly on the back of the grating through the offset press, and the other is to print the pattern on the paper through the high-precision offset press, and then compound the grating

stereoscopic printing requires high color separation and addition accuracy for plate making, and at the same time, it is necessary to ensure high overprint accuracy to avoid paper stretching in the printing process, resulting in inaccurate overprint. The calculation accuracy of grating spacing, angle and other parameters should be high, and the positioning accuracy is required for composite molding

3. Material technology of stereoscopic printing

(1) paper

the paper used for stereoscopic printing is required to be compact, smooth, flat and with small flexibility, and usually coated paper or paperboard is used

(2) grating materials

mainly include hard plastic solid grating and soft plastic solid grating. Hard plastic three-dimensional grating is made of polystyrene material through injection molding to form concave convex cylindrical mirror grating; Soft plastic three-dimensional grating is mainly made of PVC sheet base pressed by metal grating roller or grating plate. Whether hard plastic material or soft plastic material, the transparency of grating is required to be good

(3) ink

fast drying speed is one of the most important requirements for ink in stereo printing. At present, some ink manufacturers can provide inks and additives suitable for stereo printing. If the ink is properly selected, the three-dimensional printing image will have distinct fine layers and clear edges

(4) adhesive

if the image on the printing plate is not directly printed on the grating, adhesive is still essential. Its function is to make the printed matter and the grating stick together firmly, and protect the ink layer from discoloration under high temperature

4. The application of stereoscopic printing

in the development process of stereoscopic printing, people are also constantly trying to apply stereoscopic printing to various fields. Stereoscopic printing is particularly brilliant in stationery decoration, from rulers and stationery boxes to the covers of various notebooks and folders, to calendars, desk calendars, postcards, and even mouse pads and playing cards. In particular, some commonly used children's stationery, because it meets the curiosity psychology of children, is widely loved by children

in addition to stationery, we can easily find the figure of stereoscopic printing in daily life by adopting high-precision ball screw loading. Stereoscopic pictures are often used to make window advertisements or used in advertising billboards, cigarette and alcohol anti-counterfeiting trademarks and other fields. Stereoscopic printing can also be used for the outer packaging of food, drugs, cosmetics and other products, and daily necessities are also a fertile land for the survival and development of stereoscopic printing

development status of domestic stereoscopic printing

stereoscopic printing has not developed for a short time in China, but it is not widely used because it has not found a suitable market positioning. However, with the development of related technologies and the growth of market demand, the domestic stereoscopic printing industry is developing rapidly and has formed a distinctive "Chinese characteristics"

1. Technical development

(1) professional software has entered, and ordinary image software is popular

nowadays, the relevant software of stereoscopic printing has been launched continuously, and has already entered the Chinese market. Professional software such as 3D4U has been well known in the field of stereoscopic printing. It can be said that the entry of professional software into the market is also a major breakthrough in stereoscopic printing technology. It becomes more convenient to convert ordinary pictures into stereoscopic printing originals. Some large-scale three-dimensional printing enterprises in China have begun to use it

although many professional production software have appeared, on the whole, ordinary image software (such as Photoshop, etc.) is still very popular with stereoscopic printing enterprises. As for the reasons why they are unwilling to use professional software, some respondents reported that they are unwilling to try because they are afraid that these software are not from practice, and the common part of a piston and cylinder block has rust, foreign bodies, mechanical damage or poor smoothness. The price factor also makes many stereoscopic printing enterprises who are already familiar with the application of ordinary image software unwilling to switch to expensive professional software

(2) the innovation of printing equipment promotes the progress of stereoscopic printing

with the continuous maturity of the application of UV technology, many equipment manufacturers have launched various types of UV offset printing machines. At the same time, printing plastic sheets with offset printing machines is no longer a problem. Heidelberg, Manroland, gaobao, Komori, liyoubi, etc. have launched offset printing machines with this function

the innovation of offset printing equipment has greatly promoted the development of stereoscopic printing, and printing directly on the grating can be realized. Therefore, the production efficiency of stereoscopic printing has been greatly improved, and the product accuracy has been adequately guaranteed

(3) a variety of processes coexist

at present, the production level of stereoscopic printing in China is uneven, and various processes are adopted. The situation of stereoscopic printing enterprises is different, and the processes adopted are also different. However, it is mainly the two methods introduced above, that is, printing directly on the grating and printing on paper first and then pasting on the grating, or pasting on plastic film and then pressing out the grating

(4) strengthen the awareness of environmental protection

whether stereo printing is used in stationery, food packaging or children's toys, the requirements for environmental protection should not be ignored. At present, the European and American markets have relevant laws and regulations in these fields, and China is also constantly improving in this regard. If we still don't pay attention to environmental protection, we must restrict domestic printing enterprises to undertake foreign orders to a certain extent

during the interview, many respondents also mentioned such problems, such as the three-dimensional transformation small card previously packed in the instant noodle bag, which was once popular with children, but now it has been limited due to food safety and hygiene problems

this problem involves almost all consumables in stereoscopic printing, including grating materials, inks, papers, adhesives, etc. To be non-toxic and harmless, we must choose superior materials, which increases the production cost